胃癌相关微生物组学及关键微生物作用机制研究进展

Research progress on gastric cancer-associated microbiome and important microbial mechanisms

摘要:

胃癌是全球重要的健康威胁之一，造成了繁重的疾病负担。胃癌的发病机制复杂，可能受多种环境、遗传和微生物等因素的综合影响。快速发展的微生物组学检测技术提示，包括重要的致癌因子幽门螺杆菌 （H.pylori） 在内的胃黏膜菌群，可能在胃癌发生发展过程中相互影响、共同发挥重要作用。本文综述了近年来胃癌相关微生物组学的研究进展，系统梳理、归纳了胃内菌群在胃癌发生、演进及预后中的关键作用。在此基础上，针对筛选发现的胃癌相关重要微生物，进一步总结了其在胃癌发生发展过程中可能参与的重要作用机制研究结果，旨在为未来微生物相关胃癌病因学的探索和早诊、 预防策略研究方面提供科学依据。

Abstract:

Gastric cancer (GC) remains one of the major threats to global health, imposing a substantial disease burden. Its pathogenesis is complex and likely influenced by the interplay of multiple environmental, genetic and microbial factors. Advances in rapidly evolving microbiome detection technologies suggest that the gastric mucosal microbiota including Helicobacter pylori, a key carcinogenic factor, may interact and play synergistic roles in gastric cancer initiation and progression. This review summarizes recent advances in GC associated microbiome research, systematically organizing and analyzing the pivotal roles of gastric microbiota in cancer tumorigenesis, progression and prognosis. Furthermore, it examines the potential mechanisms by which the key gastric microbes may contribute to carcinogenesis, providing a scientific foundation for future etiological investigations and early diagnosis and prevention targeting microbiome-related GC.