肺巨噬细胞在肺损伤修复和再生中的作用

The role of macrophage in lung injury, repair and regeneration

摘要:

肺脏作为与外界直接相通的器官，容易在病原微生物以及其它理化因素的作用下发生组织损伤。既往研究认为，肺脏是一个高度沉默的器官，其再生能力有限。但是，新近的一些研究发现，肺内存在多种上皮祖细胞或干细胞群， 在肺损伤发生过程中这些细胞可被激活、分化，进而促进肺组织的再生。肺内存在多种亚型巨噬细胞，其在肺损伤的不同阶段均发挥着重要的作用，且与损伤后肺组织的再生密切相关。通过精细的干预单核/巨噬细胞的分化可能是减轻肺损伤、 促进肺再生的有效手段。

Abstract:

The risk of lung injury induced by microorganism infection or other physical/chemical insults is high due to the nature that the lung is constantly exposed to microbiota through inhalation. The lung was previously thought to be a highly quiescent tissue, which has limited reparative capacity. However, recent studies demonstrate that lung regeneration could be achieved as the tissues of the lung have facultative progenitor cell populations that can be activated to proliferate and differentiate in response to various injuries. There are several types of macrophages within the lung tissue, which play a key role in different phases of lung injury and are closely associated with lung regeneration after injury. Fine-tuning of the differentiation monocytes/macrophages could serve as an effective therapeutic approach to alleviate lung injury and promote lung regeneration.