干细胞在肺损伤修复中的研究进展及转化研究

Research progress and translational medicine on stem cell in alveolar regeneration

摘要:

肺泡是呼吸系统的重要组成部分，其功能是从血液中交换氧气和二氧化碳。维持肺泡的完整性和屏障功能需要多种细胞系的相互作用。因此，全面了解肺泡干细胞的生物学特性可为改善急性呼吸窘迫综合征、肺纤维化疾病和癌症等肺部疾病患者的治疗提供理论依据。本文侧重于哺乳动物肺泡干细胞亚群和多能干细胞衍生的肺部模型，探讨了肺泡干细胞特异性再生的最新研究进展，并提出了未来的研究方向，以加深对肺损伤后修复过程和肺部疾病的理解。

Abstract:

Alveoli are an important part of the respiratory system whose function is to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules from the bloodstream. Maintaining the integrity and barrier function of the alveoli requires complex interactions of multiple cell lineages. Hence, comprehensive understanding of the biology of lung stem cells could improve the treatment of patients with lung disorders such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, fibrotic lung disease and cancer. This review focuses on recent progresses on mammalian alveolar stem cell subpopulations and PSC-derived lung models and discusses insights about the regeneration-specific cell status of alveolar stem cells. We also provide future directions for an improved understanding of post-injury lung repair processes and lung diseases.