哺乳动物卵母细胞的DNA甲基化和组蛋白修饰

DNA methylation and histone modificationsin mammalian oocytes

摘要:

哺乳动物卵母细胞发育过程中呈现出独特的表观遗传修饰模式。包括DNA甲基化和组蛋白修饰等在内的表观遗传修饰的建立，是一个复杂但高度有序的过程，对哺乳动物卵母细胞成熟和早期胚胎发育至关重要。因此，探究并揭示卵母细胞表观遗传特征建立的机制，对深入理解哺乳动物生殖发育机理和相关疾病的发生发展具有重要意义。本文以小鼠和人类为典型代表，阐述了哺乳动物卵母细胞发育过程中DNA甲基化以及组蛋白甲基化、乙酰化、泛素化、磷酸化和乳酸化的分布模式和动态变化特征，总结并探讨了这些表观遗传修饰之间潜在的关联及影响其发挥生物学功能的多种调控因素。

Abstract:

The unique patterns of epigenetic modifications appear in mammalian oocyte development. Establishment of these modifications, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, is a complicated but highly ordered process, which is crucial in terms of oocyte maturation and early embryo development in mammals. Therefore, dissecting the mechanisms of epigenetic establishment in oocytes is of great significance to look insight into the principles of reproduction and pathogenesis of related diseases. In this review, we delineate the distribution patterns and dynamic landscapes of DNA methylation as well as histone methylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, phosphorylation and lactylation in mammalian oocyte development represented by mice and humans. Meanwhile, we present a summary and discussion in the matter of the potential relevance among these epigenetic modifications, which are regulated by multiple factors related to biological functions.