Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a very common hair disease, which occurs in both males and females. The clinical manifestations of AGA mainly include miniaturization of hair, thinning of hair and upward movement of hairline, with different symptoms in males and females. The effect of AGA on personal image and its unsatisfactory therapeutic effect lead to negative influence on patients' daily life and psychological state. In this paper, the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, current challenges and the prospects of this disease are briefly described, so as to provide ideas for the exploration of its diagnosis and treatment.